Shell-Skript, um Zeilen zu schneiden und den ersten Teil

Question

Ich habe hier eine Aufgabe, um die Dateinamen aus einer Protokolldatei, die etwa 1000 Zeilen enthält extrahieren, im Protokoll beginnt jede Zeile mit dem Dateinamen gefolgt von anderen Details, I Nun möchte ich jeden Dateinamen (absoluter Pfad, beginnend mit './') aus jeder Zeile extrahieren und in eine Datei einfügen. Eine Beispielprotokolldatei enthält die folgenden Daten.

./plugins-src/rabbitmq-management/src/rabbit_mgmt_wm_overview.erl:1:%% The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License 
./plugins-src/rabbitmq-management/src/rabbit_mgmt_old_db.erl:1:%% The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License 
./plugins-src/rabbitmq-management/src/rabbit_mgmt_wm_exchange.erl:1:%% The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License 
./plugins-src/rabbitmq-management/src/rabbit_mgmt_wm_channel.erl:1:%% The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License 
./plugins-src/rabbitmq-management/src/rabbit_mgmt_wm_vhosts.erl:1:%% The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License 
./plugins-src/rabbitmq-management/src/rabbit_mgmt_wm_permission.erl:1:%% The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License 
./plugins-src/rabbitmq-management/src/rabbit_mgmt_util.erl:1:%% The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License 
./plugins-src/rabbitmq-management/src/rabbit_mgmt_wm_queue_purge.erl:1:%% The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License 
./plugins-src/rabbitmq-management/src/rabbit_mgmt_format.erl:1:%% The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License 
./plugins-src/rabbitmq-management/src/rabbit_mgmt_wm_exchanges.erl:1:%% The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License 
./plugins-src/rabbitmq-management/src/rabbit_mgmt_wm_bindings.erl:1:%% The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License 
./plugins-src/rabbitmq-management/src/rabbit_mgmt_wm_definitions.erl:1:%% The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License 
./plugins-src/rabbitmq-management/src/rabbit_mgmt_wm_queue_get.erl:1:%% The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License 
./plugins-src/rabbitmq-federation-management/src/rabbit_federation_mgmt.erl:1:%% The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License 
./plugins-src/rabbitmq-mqtt/src/rabbit_mqtt_processor.erl:1:%% The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License 
./plugins-src/rabbitmq-mqtt/src/rabbit_mqtt_util.erl:1:%% The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License 
./plugins-src/rabbitmq-mqtt/src/rabbit_mqtt_collector.erl:1:%% The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License 
./plugins-src/rabbitmq-mqtt/src/rabbit_mqtt_frame.erl:1:%% The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License 
./plugins-src/rabbitmq-mqtt/src/rabbit_mqtt_sup.erl:1:%% The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License 
./plugins-src/rabbitmq-mqtt/src/rabbit_mqtt.erl:1:%% The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License 

gibt es einen Doppelpunkt (:), die als Trennzeichen verwendet werden kann, die genau die Dateinamen in jeder Zeile enden, aber ich habe keine Erfahrung in Shell-Skript es in Scheiben schneiden und die Dateinamen zu extrahieren.

Answer 1

awk -F':' '{print $1}' filename.log 

# OR 

cut -d':' -f1 filename.log 

Answer 2

Ein anderer Weg bash verwenden wäre:

while read -r line; do echo "${line%%:*}"; done <filename 

Es verwendet Parameter Expansion mit Teilzeichenfolge Entfernung, die eine Reihe von eingebauten Zeichenbehandlungsroutinen ist. Grundsätzlich gilt:

var="123:456:789" 
echo "${var#*:}" # 456:789 remove from left to 1st occurrence of ':' 
echo "${var%:*}" # 123:456 remove from right to 1st occurrence of ':' 
echo "${var##*:}" # 789 remove from left to last occurrence of ':' 
echo "${var%%:*}" # 123 remove from right to last occurrence of ':' 

(Anmerkung: die Position des Wildcard in den Erweiterungen)

Sie können sogar auch verschachtelt werden.