Python - Verwenden von Attributen zum Analysieren der XML-Struktur

Question

Es gibt viele Beispiele dafür, wie XML mithilfe von Tags in der Struktur analysiert wird, aber was ist, wenn (wie im Beispiel unten) viele der Tags denselben Namen haben?

<SoccerFeed timestamp="20161221T144346+0000"> 
    <SoccerDocument Type="SQUADS Latest"> 
    <Team country="USA"> 
     <Founded>1998</Founded> 
     <Name>Chicago Fire</Name> 
     <Player uID="p113757"> 
     <Name>Patrick McLain</Name> 
     <Position>Goalkeeper</Position> 
     <Stat Type="first_name">Patrick</Stat> 
     <Stat Type="last_name">McLain</Stat> 
     <Stat Type="birth_date">1988-08-22</Stat> 
     <Stat Type="birth_place">Eau Claire</Stat> 
     <Stat Type="first_nationality">USA</Stat> 
     <Stat Type="weight">94</Stat> 
     <Stat Type="height">191</Stat> 
     <Stat Type="jersey_num">23</Stat> 
     <Stat Type="real_position">Goalkeeper</Stat> 
     <Stat Type="real_position_side">Unknown</Stat> 
     <Stat Type="join_date">2016-01-18</Stat> 
     <Stat Type="country">USA</Stat> 
     </Player> 
    </Team> 
    </SoccerDocument> 
</SoccerFeed> 

Wenn ich nur Elemente mit einem ‚Stat‘ Tag und ein ‚first_name‘ Attribute, wie würde ich das tun analysieren wollte?

Answer 1

Mit R und die xml2 Bibliothek:

library("xml2") 
myxml<-read_xml('<SoccerFeed timestamp="20161221T144346+0000"> 
<SoccerDocument Type="SQUADS Latest"> 
<Team country="USA"> 
<Founded>1998</Founded> 
<Name>Chicago Fire</Name> 
<Player uID="p113757"> 
<Name>Patrick McLain</Name> 
<Position>Goalkeeper</Position> 
<Stat Type="first_name">Patrick</Stat> 
<Stat Type="last_name">McLain</Stat> 
<Stat Type="birth_date">1988-08-22</Stat> 
<Stat Type="birth_place">Eau Claire</Stat> 
<Stat Type="first_nationality">USA</Stat> 
<Stat Type="weight">94</Stat> 
<Stat Type="height">191</Stat> 
<Stat Type="jersey_num">23</Stat> 
<Stat Type="real_position">Goalkeeper</Stat> 
<Stat Type="real_position_side">Unknown</Stat> 
<Stat Type="join_date">2016-01-18</Stat> 
<Stat Type="country">USA</Stat> 
</Player> 
</Team> 
</SoccerDocument> 
</SoccerFeed>') 

#get all of the Stat nodes 
statnodes<-xml_nodes(myxml, "Stat") 
#filter for first_name node 
firstname<- statnodes[xml_attr(statnodes, "Type")== "first_name"] 
#get text value 
xml_text(firstname) 

Answer 2

Sie können BeautifulSoup innerhalb XML Parser, wie in diesem Beispiel verwenden:

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup as bs 

data = '''<SoccerFeed timestamp="20161221T144346+0000"> 
    <SoccerDocument Type="SQUADS Latest"> 
    <Team country="USA"> 
     <Founded>1998</Founded> 
     <Name>Chicago Fire</Name> 
     <Player uID="p113757"> 
     <Name>Patrick McLain</Name> 
     <Position>Goalkeeper</Position> 
     <Stat Type="first_name">Patrick</Stat> 
     <Stat Type="last_name">McLain</Stat> 
     <Stat Type="birth_date">1988-08-22</Stat> 
     <Stat Type="birth_place">Eau Claire</Stat> 
     <Stat Type="first_nationality">USA</Stat> 
     <Stat Type="weight">94</Stat> 
     <Stat Type="height">191</Stat> 
     <Stat Type="jersey_num">23</Stat> 
     <Stat Type="real_position">Goalkeeper</Stat> 
     <Stat Type="real_position_side">Unknown</Stat> 
     <Stat Type="join_date">2016-01-18</Stat> 
     <Stat Type="country">USA</Stat> 
     </Player> 
    </Team> 
    </SoccerDocument> 
</SoccerFeed>''' 

sub = bs(data, 'xml') 
# Find all the 'Stat' tags 
stat_tags = sub.findAll('Stat') 
for k in stat_tags: 
    # Extract the text between 'Stat' tags 
    print(k.text) 

Ausgang:

Patrick 
McLain 
1988-08-22 
Eau Claire 
USA 
94 
191 
23 
Goalkeeper 
Unknown 
2016-01-18 
USA 

Answer 3

Mit ElementTree:

for firstnames in root.findall('Team/Player/Stat[@type="first_name"]') 
    print(firstnames.attrib) 

Vollständige XPath-Syntax: https://docs.python.org/3.6/library/xml.etree.elementtree.html#supported-xpath-syntax