Welche Ausnahmeklassen befinden sich in der C++ - Standardbibliothek?

Question

Welche Ausnahmeklassen sind in der C++ - Standardbibliothek enthalten und wofür sollten sie verwendet werden? Ich weiß, dass es ein paar neue C++ 11 Ausnahmen gibt, aber ich bin mir nicht sicher, was sie sind oder wo sie sind.

Answer 1

std::exception <exception> interface (debatable if you should catch this) 
    std::bad_alloc <new> failure to allocate storage 
     std::bad_array_new_length <new> invalid array length 
    std::bad_cast <typeinfo> execution of an invalid dynamic-cast 
    std::bad_exception <exception> signifies an incorrect exception was thrown 
    std::bad_function_call <functional> thrown by "null" std::function 
    std::bad_typeid <typeinfo> using typeinfo on a null pointer 
    std::bad_weak_ptr <memory> constructing a shared_ptr from a bad weak_ptr 
    std::logic_error <stdexcept> errors detectable before the program executes 
     std::domain_error <stdexcept> parameter outside the valid range 
     std::future_error <future> violated a std::promise/std::future condition 
     std::invalid_argument <stdexcept> invalid argument 
     std::length_error <stdexcept> length exceeds its maximum allowable size 
     std::out_of_range <stdexcept> argument value not in its expected range 
    std::runtime_error <stdexcept> errors detectable when the program executes 
     std::overflow_error <stdexcept> arithmetic overflow error. 
     std::underflow_error <stdexcept> arithmetic underflow error. 
     std::range_error <stdexcept> range errors in internal computations 
     std::regex_error <regex> errors from the regular expression library. 
     std::system_error <system_error> from operating system or other C API 
      std::ios_base::failure <ios> Input or output error 

Quelle: http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/error/exception
In der Praxis sind die meisten Ausnahmen sind benutzerdefinierte Ausnahmen abgeleitet von logic_error und runtime_error. Nicht dass diese vernachlässigt werden, sondern dass viele Ausnahmen domänenspezifisch sind.

Denken Sie daran, dass eine Ausnahme widerspiegeln sollte, was schiefgelaufen ist und nicht wer warf es. (Nein "MyProgramException" s)

Answer 2

Sehen Sie diese site

Exception    Description 
=================================== 
std::exception   An exception and parent class of all the standard C++ exceptions. 
std::bad_alloc   This can be thrown by new. 
std::bad_cast   This can be thrown by dynamic_cast. 
std::bad_exception  This is useful device to handle unexpected exceptions in a C++ program 
std::bad_typeid   This can be thrown by typeid. 
std::logic_error  An exception that theoretically can be detected by reading the code. 
std::domain_error  This is an exception thrown when a mathematically invalid domain is used 
std::invalid_argument This is thrown due to invalid arguments. 
std::length_error  This is thrown when a too big std::string is created 
std::out_of_range  This can be thrown by the at method from for example a std::vector and std::bitset<>::operator[](). 
std::runtime_error  An exception that theoretically can not be detected by reading the code. 
std::overflow_error  This is thrown if a mathematical overflow occurs. 
std::range_error  This is occured when you try to store a value which is out of range. 
std::underflow_error This is thrown if a mathematical underflow occurs.