Fehler beim Speichern der neuen verknüpften Einstellung has_one

Question

Ich versuche ein verschachteltes Modellformular für die Voreinstellung has_one zu erstellen. (Ich verwende Schienen 4)

aber ich bekomme den untenstehenden Fehler, den ich nicht verstehe, wie man löst. Diese im Fall geschieht, wenn ein Benutzer die Präferenz Form nicht abgeschlossen ist (mit Validierungen für die Attribute der Präferenz anstelle)

Terminal Anzeige von Fehlern

ActiveRecord::RecordNotSaved - Failed to save the new associated preference.: 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/associations/has_one_association.rb:43:in `block in replace' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/associations/has_one_association.rb:98:in `block in transaction_if' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:213:in `block in transaction' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb:188:in `within_new_transaction' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:213:in `transaction' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/transactions.rb:220:in `transaction' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/associations/has_one_association.rb:98:in `transaction_if' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/associations/has_one_association.rb:33:in `replace' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/associations/singular_association.rb:17:in `writer' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb:123:in `preference=' 
    app/controllers/preferences_controller.rb:55:in `create' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_controller/metal/implicit_render.rb:4:in `send_action' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:198:in `process_action' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_controller/metal/rendering.rb:10:in `process_action' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:20:in `block in process_action' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:117:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:151:in `block in halting_and_conditional' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:151:in `block in halting_and_conditional' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:151:in `block in halting_and_conditional' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:234:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:308:in `block (2 levels) in halting' 
    public_activity (1.5.0) lib/public_activity/utility/store_controller.rb:25:in `store_controller_for_public_activity' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:427:in `block in make_lambda' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:307:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:234:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:169:in `block in halting' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:92:in `_run_callbacks' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:734:in `_run_process_action_callbacks' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:81:in `run_callbacks' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:19:in `process_action' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_controller/metal/rescue.rb:29:in `process_action' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:31:in `block in process_action' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/notifications.rb:164:in `block in instrument' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:20:in `instrument' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/notifications.rb:164:in `instrument' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:30:in `process_action' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_controller/metal/params_wrapper.rb:250:in `process_action' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/railties/controller_runtime.rb:18:in `process_action' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:137:in `process' 
    actionview (4.2.0) lib/action_view/rendering.rb:30:in `process' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_controller/metal.rb:195:in `dispatch' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_controller/metal/rack_delegation.rb:13:in `dispatch' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_controller/metal.rb:236:in `block in action' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:73:in `dispatch' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:42:in `serve' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:43:in `block in serve' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:30:in `serve' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:802:in `call' 
    warden (1.2.4) lib/warden/manager.rb:35:in `block in call' 
    warden (1.2.4) lib/warden/manager.rb:34:in `call' 
    rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/etag.rb:24:in `call' 
    rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/conditionalget.rb:38:in `call' 
    rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/head.rb:13:in `call' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/params_parser.rb:27:in `call' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/flash.rb:260:in `call' 
    rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb:225:in `context' 
    rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb:220:in `call' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb:560:in `call' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/query_cache.rb:36:in `call' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:647:in `call' 
    activerecord (4.2.0) lib/active_record/migration.rb:378:in `call' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:29:in `block in call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:88:in `_run_callbacks' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:734:in `_run_call_callbacks' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:81:in `run_callbacks' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:27:in `call' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/reloader.rb:73:in `call' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/remote_ip.rb:78:in `call' 
    better_errors (2.1.1) lib/better_errors/middleware.rb:84:in `protected_app_call' 
    better_errors (2.1.1) lib/better_errors/middleware.rb:79:in `better_errors_call' 
    better_errors (2.1.1) lib/better_errors/middleware.rb:57:in `call' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/debug_exceptions.rb:17:in `call' 
    web-console (2.3.0) lib/web_console/middleware.rb:28:in `block in call' 
    web-console (2.3.0) lib/web_console/middleware.rb:18:in `call' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb:30:in `call' 
    railties (4.2.0) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:38:in `call_app' 
    railties (4.2.0) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:20:in `block in call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:68:in `block in tagged' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:26:in `tagged' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:68:in `tagged' 
    railties (4.2.0) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:20:in `call' 
    quiet_assets (1.1.0) lib/quiet_assets.rb:27:in `call_with_quiet_assets' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/request_id.rb:21:in `call' 
    rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/methodoverride.rb:22:in `call' 
    rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/runtime.rb:18:in `call' 
    activesupport (4.2.0) lib/active_support/cache/strategy/local_cache_middleware.rb:28:in `call' 
    rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/lock.rb:17:in `call' 
    actionpack (4.2.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/static.rb:113:in `call' 
    rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/sendfile.rb:113:in `call' 
    railties (4.2.0) lib/rails/engine.rb:518:in `call' 
    railties (4.2.0) lib/rails/application.rb:164:in `call' 
    rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/content_length.rb:15:in `call' 
    thin (1.5.1) lib/thin/connection.rb:81:in `block in pre_process' 
    thin (1.5.1) lib/thin/connection.rb:79:in `pre_process' 
    thin (1.5.1) lib/thin/connection.rb:54:in `process' 
    thin (1.5.1) lib/thin/connection.rb:39:in `receive_data' 
    eventmachine (1.0.9.1) lib/eventmachine.rb:193:in `run' 
    thin (1.5.1) lib/thin/backends/base.rb:63:in `start' 
    thin (1.5.1) lib/thin/server.rb:159:in `start' 
    rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/handler/thin.rb:19:in `run' 
    rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/server.rb:286:in `start' 
    railties (4.2.0) lib/rails/commands/server.rb:80:in `start' 
    railties (4.2.0) lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:80:in `block in server' 
    railties (4.2.0) lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:75:in `server' 
    railties (4.2.0) lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:39:in `run_command!' 
    railties (4.2.0) lib/rails/commands.rb:17:in `<top (required)>' 
    bin/rails:9:in `<top (required)>' 
    spring (1.7.1) lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in `call' 
    spring (1.7.1) lib/spring/client/command.rb:7:in `call' 
    spring (1.7.1) lib/spring/client.rb:30:in `run' 
    spring (1.7.1) bin/spring:49:in `<top (required)>' 
    spring (1.7.1) lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in `<top (required)>' 
    /Users/ARTLoe/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.3.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require' 
    bin/spring:13:in `<top (required)>' 
    bin/rails:3:in `<main>' 

konnte man mir raten, wo ich gehe ich falsch?

In meinem Benutzer und Präferenzmodell ich habe folgendes:

class User < ActiveRecord::Base 
    has_one :preference, dependent: :destroy 
    accepts_nested_attributes_for :preference 
end 

class Preference < ActiveRecord::Base 
    validates_presence_of :category_idealethnicity, presence: true, message: "can't be blank" 
    validates_presence_of :category_idealreligion, presence: true, message: "can't be blank" 

    belongs_to :user 
    has_and_belongs_to_many :category_idealethnicity, dependent: :destroy 
    has_and_belongs_to_many :category_idealreligion, dependent: :destroy 
end 

users_controller

class UsersController < ApplicationController 
    respond_to :html, :xml, :json 
    before_action :authenticate_user!, :set_user, only: [:show, :edit, :update, :destroy] 

    def index 
    ... 
    end 

    def show 
    .... 
    end 

    def edit 
    ... 
    end 

    def update 
    ... 
    end 

    private 
    def set_user 
    @user = User.friendly.find(params[:id]) 
    end 

    def user_params 
    params.require(:user).permit(:email, :firstname, preference_attributes: [:town, category_idealreligion_ids: [], category_idealsmoke_ids: []]) 
    end 
end 

preferences_controller

class PreferencesController < ApplicationController 
    before_action :authenticate_user!, :set_preference, only: [:show, :edit, :update, :destroy] 

    def index 
    @preferences = Preference.all 
    end 

    def show 
    ... 
    end 

    def new 
    @users = User.random 
    @user = current_user 
    @preference = @user.build_preference 
    end 

    def edit 
    ... 
    end 

    def create 
    @user = User.friendly.find(params[:user_id]) 
    @user.preference = Preference.new(preference_params) 
    @preference = @user.preference 

    respond_to do |format| 
     if @preference.save 
     format.html { redirect_to @preference, notice: 'Preference was successfully created.' } 
     format.json { render :show, status: :created, location: @preference } 
     else 
     format.html { render :new } 
     format.json { render json: @preference.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity } 
     end 
    end 
    end 

    def update 
    ... 
    end 

    def destroy 
    ... 
    end 

    private 
    def set_preference 
    @preference = Preference.find(params[:id]) 
    end 

    def preference_params 
    params.require(:preference).permit(:town, :user_id, category_idealethnicity_ids: [], category_idealreligion_ids: []) 
    end 
end 

Routen

Rails.application.routes.draw do 
    devise_for :users 
    resources :users do 
    resources :preferences 
    end 
end 

Präferenz Form

<div> 
    <%= simple_form_for [@user, @preference] do |f| %> 
    <%= f.error_notification %> 
    <%= f.association :category_idealethnicity, collection: CategoryIdealethnicity.all, prompt: "select", label: false, as: :check_boxes %> 
    <%= f.association :category_idealreligion, collection: CategoryIdealreligion.all, prompt: "select", label: false, as: :check_boxes %> 
    <div class="form-actions"> 
     <%= f.button :submit %> 
    </div> 
    <% end %> 
</div> 

Answer 1

Die Antwort auf die Frage der unten angegebenen Versuchen: Display meines create-Methode falsch war. unten ist der richtige Code

def create 
    @preference = Preference.new(preference_params) 
    @preference.user = current_user 

    respond_to do |format| 
     if @preference.save 
     format.html { redirect_to @preference, notice: 'Preference was successfully created.' } 
     format.json { render :show, status: :created, location: @preference } 
     else 
     format.html { render :new } 
     format.json { render json: @preference.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity } 
     end 
    end 
    end 

Answer 2

Ihre create Methode scheint mir verdächtig. Statt

def create 
    @user = User.friendly.find(params[:user_id]) 
    @preference = @user.preference.new(preference_params) 

    respond_to do |format| 
    if @preference.save 
     format.html { redirect_to @preference, notice: 'Preference was successfully created.' } 
     format.json { render :show, status: :created, location: @preference } 
    else 
     format.html { render :new } 
     format.json { render json: @preference.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity } 
    end 
    end 
end